1/2/2023 0 Comments Compartments of lower leg![]() A few years later, the connection to elevated intracompartmental pressure was made. The long-term consequences of a compartment syndrome were already described by Richard von Volkmann at the end of the 19th century following application of casts. It is caused by bleeding or edema in a closed, nonelastic muscle compartment surrounded by fascia and bone. See Guidelines for Authors for a complete description of levels of evidence.Īcute compartment syndrome is a complication following fractures, soft tissue trauma, and reperfusion injury after acute arterial obstruction. In severe cases, amputation may be necessary. When left untreated, poor outcomes with contractures, toe deformities, paralysis, and sensory neuropathy can be expected. Surgical management does not eliminate the risk of developing nerve and muscle dysfunction. Depending on the injury, clinical examination, and compartment pressure, fasciotomy is recommended via a dorsal and/or medial plantar approach. ![]() The compartment syndrome of the foot requires thorough examination of all compartments with special focus on the calcaneal compartment. Fasciotomy of the lower leg can be performed either by one lateral incision or by medial and lateral incisions. Once the diagnosis is made, immediate fasciotomy of all compartments is required. A fasciotomy should be performed when the difference between compartment pressure and diastolic blood pressure is less than 30 mm Hg or when clinical symptoms are obvious. Clinical findings must be documented carefully. ![]() The most sensitive clinical symptom of compartment syndrome is severe pain. The diagnosis is based on clinical examination and intracompartmental pressure measurement. Compartment syndrome of the lower leg or foot, a severe complication with a low incidence, is mostly caused by high-energy deceleration trauma. ![]()
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